first commit

.clangd

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+CompileFlags:
+  Add: 
+    - -DOS_WINDOWS

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/target
+/.vscode
+app
+log.gtl
+db.gtd

app.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <math.h>
+#include "core.cpp"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    int statusCode = 0;
+    initialiseCore();
+    Arena *arena = arenaAlloc(Megabytes(64));
+    list<string> args = getArgs(arena, argc, argv);
+
+    {
+        log("teststr: %S :teststrend", strlit("teststring hahaha"));
+    };
+
+    return statusCode;
+}

build

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+gcc -g -g3 ./app.cpp -o ./target/app

build.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+@echo off
+
+if NOT EXIST .\target mkdir .\target
+
+set commonLinkerFlags=-opt:ref
+set commonCompilerFlags=^
+    -MT                                                             %= Make sure the C runtime library is statically linked =%^
+    -Gm-                                                            %= Turns off incremently building =%^
+    -nologo                                                         %= No one cares you made the compiler Microsoft =%^
+    -Oi                                                             %= Always use intrinsics  =%^
+    -EHa-                                                           %= Disable exception handling =%^
+    -GR-                                                            %= Never use runtime type info from C++ =%^
+    -WX -W4 -wd4201 -wd4100 -wd4189 -wd4505                         %= Compiler warnings, -WX warnings as errors, -W4 warning level 4, -wdXXXX disable warning XXXX =%^
+    -DAPP_DEBUG=0 -DENABLE_ASSERT=1 -DOS_WINDOWS=1                  %= Custom #defines =%^
+    -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS=1^
+    -FC                                                             %= Full path of source code file in diagnostics =%^
+    -Zi                                                             %= Generate debugger info =%
+
+pushd .\target
+cl %commonCompilerFlags% -Fe:.\app.exe ..\app.cpp /link -incremental:no %commonLinkerFlags%
+popd
+
+exit /b
+
+:error
+echo Failed with error #%errorlevel%.
+exit /b %errorlevel%

core.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+#define STB_SPRINTF_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "core.h"
+
+void *pushSize(Arena *arena, size_t bytes) {
+    if (arena->capacity - arena->head >= bytes) {
+        void *ptr = (char *)arena->memory + arena->head;
+        arena->head += bytes;
+        return ptr;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+Arena *arenaAlloc(size_t capacity) {
+#if OS_WINDOWS 
+    Arena *result = (Arena *)VirtualAlloc(NULL, sizeof(Arena) + capacity, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    Arena *result = (Arena *)mmap(0, capacity, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+#endif
+    result->memory = result + sizeof(Arena);
+    result->capacity = capacity;
+    result->head = 0;
+    return result;
+}
+
+void arenaFree(Arena *arena) {
+#if OS_WINDOWS 
+    VirtualFree(arena, NULL, MEM_RELEASE);
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    // TODO(dledda): implement this for Linux
+    Assert(false);
+#endif
+}
+
+void arenaFreeFrom(Arena *arena, size_t position) {
+    arena->head = position;
+}
+
+Arena *scratchArenas[2];
+
+void initialiseCore() {
+    for (EachInArray(scratchArenas, i)) {
+        scratchArenas[i] = arenaAlloc(Megabytes(64));
+    }
+}
+
+Scratch scratchStart(Arena **conflicts, size_t conflictCount) {
+    Scratch scratch = {0};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ArrayCount(scratchArenas); i += 1) {
+        bool conflicted = false;
+        for (Arena **conflict = conflicts; conflict < conflicts + conflictCount; conflict += 1) {
+            if (*conflict == scratchArenas[i]) {
+                conflicted = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (conflicted == false) {
+            scratch.arena = scratchArenas[i];
+            scratch.start = scratch.arena->head;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return scratch;
+}
+
+void scratchEnd(Scratch scratch) {
+    arenaFreeFrom(scratch.arena, scratch.start);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+T *appendList(list<T> *list, T element) {
+    if (list->head < list->length) {
+        list->data[list->head] = element;
+        list->head++;
+        return &(list->data[list->head - 1]);
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void zeroListFull(list<T> *list) {
+    memset(list->data, 0, list->head * sizeof(T));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void zeroList(list<T> *list) {
+    list->head = 0;
+    memset(list->data, 0, list->head * sizeof(T));
+}
+
+const char *cstring(Arena *arena, list<char> buf) {
+    char *arr = PushArray(arena, char, buf.length + 1);
+    memmove(arr, buf.data, buf.length);
+    arr[buf.length] = '\0';
+    return arr;
+}
+
+const char *cstring(Arena *arena, string str) {
+    char *arr = PushArray(arena, char, str.length + 1);
+    memmove(arr, str.str, str.length);
+    arr[str.length] = '\0';
+    return arr;
+}
+
+bool strEql(string s1, string s2) {
+    if (s1.length != s2.length) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < s1.length; i++) {
+        if (s1.str[i] != s2.str[i]) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+size_t calcStringLen(const char *str) {
+    size_t size = 0;
+    if (str == NULL) {
+        return size;
+    }
+    while (str[size] != '\0') {
+        size++;
+    }
+    return size;
+}
+
+string strFromCString(Arena *arena, const char *str) {
+    string result = PushString(arena, calcStringLen(str));
+    memcpy(result.str, str, result.length);
+    return result;
+}
+
+string strReverse(Arena *arena, string str) {
+    string reversed = PushString(arena, str.length);
+    for (
+        size_t mainIndex = str.length - 1, reversedIndex = 0; 
+        mainIndex < str.length; 
+        mainIndex--, reversedIndex++
+    ) {
+        reversed.str[reversedIndex] = str.str[mainIndex];
+    }
+    return reversed;
+}
+
+string strPrintfv(Arena *arena, const char *fmt, va_list args) {
+    string result = {0};
+    va_list argsCopy;
+    va_copy(argsCopy, args);
+    uint64 bufSize = stb_vsnprintf(0, 0, fmt, args) + 1;
+    result.str = PushArray(arena, char, bufSize);
+    result.length = bufSize - 1;
+    stb_vsnprintf((char *)result.str, (int)bufSize, fmt, argsCopy);
+    return result;
+}
+
+string strPrintf(Arena *arena, const char *fmt, ...) {
+    string result = {0};
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    result = strPrintfv(arena, fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+list<T> listSlice(list<T> l, size_t start, size_t stop) {
+    if (stop == 0) {
+        stop = l.head;
+    }
+    // TODO(dledda): maybe assert instead
+    if (stop > l.head || start > stop) {
+        return {0};
+    }
+    return {
+        l.data + start,
+        stop - start,
+        stop - start,
+    };
+}
+
+string strSlice(string str, size_t start, size_t stop) {
+    if (stop == 0) {
+        stop = str.length;
+    }
+    // TODO(dledda): maybe assert instead
+    if (stop > str.length || start > stop) {
+        return {0};
+    }
+    return {
+        str.str + start,
+        stop - start,
+    };
+}
+
+string strSlice(char *data, size_t start, size_t stop) {
+    return {
+        data + start,
+        stop - start,
+    };
+}
+
+bool stringContains(string str, char c) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+        if (str.str[i] == c) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+const char NUMERIC_CHARS[] = "0123456789";
+inline bool isNumeric(char c) {
+    return stringContains(strlit(NUMERIC_CHARS), c);
+}
+
+list<string> strSplit(Arena *arena, string splitStr, string inputStr) {
+    list<string> result = {0};
+    if (inputStr.length > 0) {
+        size_t splitCount = 0;
+        size_t c = 0;
+        size_t start = 0;
+        void *beginning = (char *)arena->memory + arena->head;
+        while (c < inputStr.length - splitStr.length) {
+            if (strEql(strSlice(inputStr, c, splitStr.length), splitStr)) {
+                string *splitString = PushStruct(arena, string);
+                splitString->str = inputStr.str + start;
+                splitString->length = c - start;
+                splitCount++;
+                start = c + 1;
+            }
+            c++;
+        }
+
+        string *splitString = PushStruct(arena, string);
+        splitString->str = inputStr.str + start;
+        splitString->length = inputStr.length - start;
+        splitCount++;
+        result.data = (string *)beginning,
+        result.head = splitCount,
+        result.length = splitCount;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+int8 parsePositiveInt(string str, size_t *lengthPointer) {
+    size_t numEnd = 0;
+    char currChar = str.str[numEnd];
+    while (numEnd < str.length && isNumeric(currChar)) {
+        currChar = str.str[++numEnd];
+        *lengthPointer += 1;
+    }
+    *lengthPointer -= 1;
+    if (numEnd > 0) {
+        uint8 result = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < numEnd; i++) {
+            result *= 10;
+            result += str.str[i] - '0';
+        }
+        return result;
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+real32 parsePositiveReal32(string str, size_t *lengthPointer) {
+    real32 result = NAN;
+
+    string wholePartStr = string{0};
+    string fractionalPartStr = string{0};
+
+    bool split = false;
+    size_t c = 0;
+    while (c < str.length) {
+        if (str.str[c] == '.') {
+            wholePartStr.str = str.str;
+            wholePartStr.length = c;
+            fractionalPartStr.str = str.str + c + 1;
+            fractionalPartStr.length = str.length - c - 1;
+            split = true;
+            break;
+        }
+        c++;
+    }
+    if (split) {
+        int wholePart = parsePositiveInt(wholePartStr, lengthPointer);
+        *lengthPointer += 1;
+        int fractionalPart = parsePositiveInt(fractionalPartStr, lengthPointer);
+        if (wholePart >= 0 && fractionalPart >= 0) {
+            real32 fractionalPartMultiplier = 1.0f / powf(10.0f, (real32)fractionalPartStr.length);
+            result = (real32)wholePart + (real32)fractionalPart * (real32)fractionalPartMultiplier;
+        }
+    } else if (c > 0) {
+        result = (real32)parsePositiveInt(str, lengthPointer);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+string readEntireFile(Arena *arena, string filename) {
+#if OS_WINDOWS
+    string result = {0};
+    HANDLE fileHandle = CreateFileA(cstring(arena, filename), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);
+    if (fileHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        LARGE_INTEGER fileSize;
+        if (GetFileSizeEx(fileHandle, &fileSize)) {
+            string readfile = PushString(arena, (size_t)fileSize.QuadPart);
+            if (readfile.str) {
+                DWORD bytesRead;
+                if (ReadFile(fileHandle, readfile.str, (DWORD)fileSize.QuadPart, &bytesRead, NULL) && (fileSize.QuadPart == bytesRead)) {
+                    result = readfile;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        CloseHandle(fileHandle);
+    }
+    return result;
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    FILE *input = fopen((char *)file.str, "r");
+    struct stat st;
+    stat((char *)file.str, &st);
+    size_t fsize = st.st_size;
+    string readBuffer = PushString(arena, filesize);
+    readBuffer.length = filesize;
+    fread(readBuffer.str, sizeof(byte), filesize, input);
+    fclose(input);
+    return readBuffer;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool writeEntireFile(Arena *arena, string filename, const byte *contents, size_t contentsLength) {
+#if OS_WINDOWS
+    bool result = false;
+    HANDLE fileHandle = CreateFileA(cstring(arena, filename), GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, NULL, NULL);
+    if (fileHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        DWORD bytesWritten;
+        if (WriteFile(fileHandle, contents, (DWORD)contentsLength, &bytesWritten, NULL)) {
+            // file written successfully
+            result = bytesWritten == contentsLength;
+        }  
+        CloseHandle(fileHandle);
+    }  
+    return result;
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    Assert(false);
+#endif
+}
+
+bool fileAppend(Arena *arena, string filename, const byte *contents, size_t contentsLength) {
+#if OS_WINDOWS
+    bool result = false;
+    HANDLE fileHandle = CreateFileA(cstring(arena, filename), FILE_APPEND_DATA | FILE_GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+    if (fileHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        DWORD bytesWritten;
+        DWORD position = SetFilePointer(fileHandle, 0, NULL, FILE_END);
+        if (WriteFile(fileHandle, contents, (DWORD)contentsLength, &bytesWritten, NULL)) {
+            // file written successfully
+            result = bytesWritten == contentsLength;
+        }
+        CloseHandle(fileHandle);
+    }
+    return result;
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    Assert(false);
+#endif
+}
+
+list<string> getArgs(Arena *arena, int argc, char **argv) {
+    list<string> args = PushList(arena, string, (size_t)argc);
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        appendList(&args, strFromCString(arena, argv[i]));
+    }
+    return args;
+}
+
+UnixTimestamp getSystemUnixTime() {
+    time_t now;
+    time(&now);
+    return (UnixTimestamp)now;
+}
+
+Timestamp timestampFromUnixTime(UnixTimestamp *unixTimestamp) {
+    tm *timestamp = gmtime((time_t *)&time);
+    return *timestamp;
+}
+
+string formatTimeHms(Arena *arena, UnixTimestamp time) {
+    local_persist const string format = strlit("HH-MM-SS");
+    string buf = PushString(arena, format.length);
+    tm *timestamp = gmtime((time_t *)&time);
+    strftime(buf.str, buf.length + 1, "%T", timestamp);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+string formatTimeHms(Arena *arena, Timestamp *time) {
+    local_persist const string format = strlit("HH-MM-SS");
+    string buf = PushString(arena, format.length);
+    strftime(buf.str, buf.length + 1, "%T", (tm *)time);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+string formatTimeYmd(Arena *arena, UnixTimestamp time) {
+    local_persist const string format = strlit("YYYY-mm-dd");
+    string buf = PushString(arena, format.length);
+    tm *timestamp = gmtime((time_t *)&time);
+    strftime(buf.str, buf.length + 1, "%Y-%m-%d", timestamp);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+string formatTimeYmd(Arena *arena, Timestamp *time) {
+    local_persist const string format = strlit("YYYY-mm-dd");
+    string buf = PushString(arena, format.length);
+    strftime(buf.str, buf.length + 1, "%Y-%m-%d", (tm *)time);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+function void __core_log(LogTarget target, const char *fmt, va_list argList) {
+    Scratch scratch = scratchStart(0, 0);
+    string result = strPrintfv(scratch.arena, fmt, argList);
+#if OS_WINDOWS
+    DWORD done;
+    HANDLE stdHandle;
+    switch (target) {
+        case LogTarget_stdin: 
+            stdHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+            break;
+        case LogTarget_stdout: 
+            stdHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
+            break;
+        case LogTarget_stderr: 
+            stdHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+            break;
+        default:
+            stdHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+            break;
+    }
+    WriteFile(stdHandle, result.str, (DWORD)result.length, &done, 0);
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    // TODO(dledda): implementation
+    Assert(false);
+#endif
+    scratchEnd(scratch);
+}
+
+void logErr(const char *fmt, ...) {
+    va_list argList;
+    va_start(argList, fmt);
+    __core_log(LogTarget_stdout, fmt, argList);
+    va_end(argList);
+}
+
+function void logStdout(const char *fmt, ...) {
+    va_list argList;
+    va_start(argList, fmt);
+    __core_log(LogTarget_stdout, fmt, argList);
+    va_end(argList);
+}
+
+void log(const char *fmt, ...) {
+    va_list argList;
+    va_start(argList, fmt);
+    __core_log(LogTarget_stdout, fmt, argList);
+    va_end(argList);
+}
+
+void log(list<int> l, LogTarget target) {
+    void (*logFn)(const char *fmt, ...) = target == LogTarget_stdout ? &logStdout : &logErr;
+    logFn("{ ");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
+        if (i != 0) {
+            logFn(", ");
+        }
+        logFn("%i", l.data[i]);
+    }
+    logFn(" } length: %zu, head: %zu\n", l.length, l.head);
+}
+
+void log(list<string> l, LogTarget target) {
+    void (*logFn)(const char *fmt, ...) = target == LogTarget_stdout ? &logStdout : &logErr;
+    logFn("{ ");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
+        if (i != 0) {
+            logFn(", ");
+        } 
+        logFn("\"%S\"", l.data[i]);
+    }
+    logFn(" } length: %zu, head: %zu\n", l.length, l.head);
+}
+
+int intCompare(const void *a, const void *b) {
+    int *x = (int *)a;
+    int *y = (int *)b;
+    return (*x > *y) - (*x < *y);
+}
+

core.h

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+#ifndef CORE_H
+#define CORE_H
+
+// cstdlib includes
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdint.h> // necessary for int type sizes
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h> // TODO(dledda): try not to depend on this one
+
+#if OS_WINDOWS
+    #include "Windows.h" 
+#elif OS_LINUX
+    #include <sys/mman.h>
+    #include <sys/stat.h>
+#else 
+    #error Development environment not supported.
+#endif
+
+// ### Misc macros ### 
+#if ENABLE_ASSERT
+#define Assert(expression) if (!(expression)) {*(volatile int *)0 = 0;}
+#else
+#define Assert(expression) 
+#endif
+
+#define function static
+#define global static 
+#define local_persist static
+
+// ### Types ###
+typedef int8_t int8;
+typedef int16_t int16;
+typedef int32_t int32;
+typedef int64_t int64;
+typedef uint8_t uint8;
+typedef uint16_t uint16;
+typedef uint32_t uint32;
+typedef uint64_t uint64;
+typedef uint8_t byte;
+typedef float real32;
+typedef double real64;
+
+// ### Sizes and Numbers ###
+#define Bytes(n) (n)
+#define Kilobytes(n) (n << 10)
+#define Megabytes(n) (n << 20)
+#define Gigabytes(n) (((uint64)n) << 30)
+#define Terabytes(n) (((uint64)n) << 40)
+
+#define Thousand(n) ((n)*1000)
+#define Million(n)  ((n)*1000000)
+#define Billion(n)  ((n)*1000000000LL)
+
+#define ArrayCount(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]))
+
+// ### Arenas ###
+struct Arena {
+    void *memory;
+    size_t capacity;
+    size_t head;
+};
+
+struct Scratch {
+    Arena *arena;
+    size_t start;
+};
+
+void *pushSize(Arena *arena, size_t bytes);
+Arena *arenaAlloc(size_t capacity);
+void arenaFree(Arena *arena);
+void arenaFreeFrom(Arena *arena, size_t pos);
+
+void initialiseCore();
+
+Scratch scratchStart(Arena **conflicts, size_t conflictCount); 
+void scratchEnd(Scratch scratch); 
+
+#define PushArray(arena, type, size) (type *)pushSize(arena, sizeof(type) * (size))
+#define PushStruct(arena, type) (type *)pushSize(arena, sizeof(type))
+
+// ### Vectors ###
+template <typename T>
+union Vector2 {
+    struct {
+        T x;
+        T y;
+    };
+    T vec[2];
+};
+template <typename T>
+inline function Vector2<T> vec2(T x, T y) {
+    Vector2<T> result = {0};
+    result.x = x;
+    result.y = y;
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+union Vector3 {
+    struct {
+        T x;
+        T y;
+        T z;
+    };
+    T vec[3];
+};
+template <typename T>
+inline function Vector3<T> vec3(T x, T y, T z) {
+    Vector3<T> result = {0};
+    result.x = x;
+    result.y = y;
+    result.z = z;
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+union Vector4 {
+    struct {
+        T x;
+        T y;
+        T z;
+        T w;
+    };
+    T vec[4];
+};
+template <typename T>
+inline function Vector4<T> vec4(T x, T y, T z, T w) {
+    Vector4<T> result = {0};
+    result.x = x;
+    result.y = y;
+    result.z = z;
+    result.w = w;
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ### Lists ###
+template <typename T>
+struct list {
+    T* data;
+    size_t length;
+    size_t head;
+};
+
+#define PushList(arena, type, size) (list<type>{ PushArray(arena, type, size), size, 0 })
+#define PushFullList(arena, type, size) (list<type>{ PushArray(arena, type, size), size, size })
+
+template <typename T> T *appendList(list<T> *list, T element); 
+template <typename T> void zeroList(list<T> *list); 
+template <typename T> void zeroListFull(list<T> *list); 
+template <typename T> list<T> listSlice(list<T> l, size_t start, size_t stop = 0); 
+
+// ### Strings ###
+struct string {
+    char *str;
+    size_t length;
+};
+#define STB_SPRINTF_DECORATE(name) stb_##name // define this before including if you want to change the names
+#include "vendor/stb_sprintf.h"
+
+#define strlit(lit) (string{(char *)(lit), sizeof(lit) - 1})
+#define PushString(arena, length) (string{ (char *)pushSize(arena, length), (length) })
+
+// C Strings
+const char *cstring(Arena *arena, list<char> buf); 
+const char *cstring(Arena *arena, string str); 
+size_t calcStringLen(const char *str); 
+string strFromCString(Arena *arena, const char *str); 
+
+bool strEql(string s1, string s2); 
+bool stringContains(string str, char c); 
+
+string strReverse(Arena *arena, string str); 
+string strSlice(string str, size_t start, size_t stop = 0); 
+string strSlice(char *data, size_t start, size_t stop = 0); 
+list<string> strSplit(Arena *arena, string splitStr, string inputStr); 
+string strPrintfv(Arena *arena, const char *fmt, va_list args);
+string strPrintf(Arena *arena, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+int8 parsePositiveInt(string str, size_t *lengthPointer); 
+real32 parsePositiveReal32(Arena *arena, string str, size_t *lengthPointer); 
+
+inline function bool isNumeric(char c); 
+
+// ### File IO ###
+string readEntireFile(Arena *arena, string filename); 
+bool writeEntireFile(Arena *arena, string filename, const byte *contents, size_t contentsLength); 
+bool fileAppend(Arena *arena, string filename, const byte *contents, size_t contentsLength); 
+
+// ### Cmdline ###
+list<string> getArgs(Arena *arena, int argc, char **argv); 
+
+// ### Time ###
+typedef uint64 UnixTimestamp;
+typedef tm Timestamp;
+
+UnixTimestamp getSystemUnixTime(); 
+Timestamp timestampFromUnixTime(UnixTimestamp *unixTimestamp); 
+string formatTimeHms(Arena *arena, UnixTimestamp time); 
+string formatTimeHms(Arena *arena, Timestamp *time); 
+string formatTimeYmd(Arena *arena, UnixTimestamp time); 
+string formatTimeYmd(Arena *arena, Timestamp *time); 
+
+// ### Linked Lists ###
+// TODO(dledda): implement basic linked lists (based on arenas?)
+
+// ### Logging ###
+enum LogTarget {
+    LogTarget_stdout,
+    LogTarget_stdin,
+    LogTarget_stderr,
+    LogTarget_count,
+};
+
+void log(list<int> l, LogTarget target = LogTarget_stdout);
+void log(list<string> l, LogTarget target = LogTarget_stdout);
+void log(const char *fmt, ...);
+void logError(const char *fmt, ...);
+
+// ### Loops ###
+#define EachIn(list, it) size_t it = 0; it < list.length; it++
+#define EachInReversed(list, it) size_t it = list.length - 1; it >= 0 && it < list.length; it--
+#define EachInArray(arr, it)  size_t it = 0; it < ArrayCount(arr); ++it
+
+// ### Misc ###
+int intCompare(const void *a, const void *b); 
+
+#endif