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@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
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<meta name="slug" content="caffeine">
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<meta name="title" content="Koffein: ein vitamin-ähnlicher Nährstoff, oder Adaptogen">
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<meta name="tags" content="in-arbeit">
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<meta name="title-de" content="Koffein: ein vitaminähnlicher Nährstoff, oder Adaptogen">
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<meta name="title-en" content="Caffeine: A vitamin-like nutrient, or adaptogen">
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<meta name="tags" content="">
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<h1 data-tunit>
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<span lang="en">Caffeine: A vitamin-like nutrient, or adaptogen</span>
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@@ -618,116 +619,214 @@
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</span>
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</p>
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<hr>
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<p>
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🚧 Baustelle beginnt ab hier. 🚧
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</p>
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<hr>
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<p>
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Toxins and stressors often kill cells, for example in the brain, liver, and
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immune system, by causing the cells to expend energy faster than it can be
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replaced. There is an enzyme system that repairs genetic damage, called
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"PARP." The activation of this enzyme is a major energy drain, and substances
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that inhibit it can prevent the death of the cell. Niacin and caffeine can
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inhibit this enzyme sufficiently to prevent this characteristic kind of cell
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death, without preventing the normal cellular turnover<strong>;</strong> that
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is, they don"t produce tumors by preventing the death of cells that aren"t
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needed.
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</p>
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<p>
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The purines are important in a great variety of regulatory processes, and
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caffeine fits into this complex system in other ways that are often protective
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against stress. For example, it has been proposed that tea can protect against
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circulatory disease by preventing abnormal clotting, and the mechanism seems
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to be that caffeine (or theophylline) tends to restrain stress-induced
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platelet aggregaton.
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</p>
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<p>
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When platelets clump, they release various factors that contribute to the
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development of a clot. Serotonin is one of these, and is released by other
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kinds of cell, including mast cells and basophils and nerve cells. Serotonin
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produces vascular spasms and increased blood pressure, blood vessel leakiness
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and inflammation, and the release of many other stress mediators. Caffeine,
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besides inhibiting the platelet aggregation, also tends to inhibit the release
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of serotonin, or to promote its uptake and binding.
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<span lang="en">
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Toxins and stressors often kill cells, for example in the brain, liver, and
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immune system, by causing the cells to expend energy faster than it can be
|
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|
|
|
replaced. There is an enzyme system that repairs genetic damage, called
|
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"PARP." The activation of this enzyme is a major energy drain, and substances
|
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|
|
|
that inhibit it can prevent the death of the cell. Niacin and caffeine can
|
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|
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inhibit this enzyme sufficiently to prevent this characteristic kind of cell
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death, without preventing the normal cellular turnover<strong>;</strong> that
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is, they don"t produce tumors by preventing the death of cells that aren"t
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needed.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Giftstoffe und Stressoren können Zellen oft töten, zum Beispiel im Gehirn, in der Leber, und im Immunsystem,
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indem sie dafür sorgen, dass die Zellen ihre Energie schneller verbrauchen, als sie ersetzt werden kann. "PARP"
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ist ein Enzymsystem, das genetische Schäden repariert. Die Aktivierung dieses Enzyms sorgt für große
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Energieverschwendung, und Stoffe, die es hemmen, können den Zelltod aufhalten. Niacin und Koffein können dieses
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Enzym ausreichend hemmen, um diesem typischen Zelltod vorzubeugen, ohne den normalen Zellenumsatz zu
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verhindern; sprich, Tumoren werden nicht begünstigt, weil sie den Zelltod von nicht
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gebrauchten Zellen eben nicht verhindern.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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J. W. Davis, et al., 1996, found that high uric acid levels seem to protect
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against the development of Parkinson"s disease. They ascribed this effect to
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uric acid"s antioxidant function. Coffee drinking, which <em>lowers</em> uric
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acid levels, nevertheless appeared to be much more strongly protective against
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Parkinson"s disease than uric acid.
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<span lang="en">
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The purines are important in a great variety of regulatory processes, and
|
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|
|
|
caffeine fits into this complex system in other ways that are often protective
|
|
|
|
|
against stress. For example, it has been proposed that tea can protect against
|
|
|
|
|
circulatory disease by preventing abnormal clotting, and the mechanism seems
|
|
|
|
|
to be that caffeine (or theophylline) tends to restrain stress-induced
|
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|
|
|
platelet aggregaton.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Die Purine sind für eine Vielzahl von regulierenden Prozessen wichtig, und Koffein passt in dieses System
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in vielerlei Hinsicht hinein, und weist oft eine schützende Wirkung auf. Es wurde zum Beispiel vorgeschlagen,
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dass Tee vor Herzkreislauferkrankungen schützen kann, indem es abnormale Blutgerinnung verhindert, und der
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Mechanismus ist scheinbar, dass Koffein (bzw. Theophyllin) dazu neigt, durch Stress verursachte
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Thrombozytenaggregation zu hemmen.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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Possibly more important than coffee"s ability to protect the health is the way
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it does it. The studies that have tried to gather evidence to show that coffee
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is harmful, and found the opposite, have provided insight into several
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diseases. For example, coffee"s effects on serotonin are very similar to
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carbon dioxide"s, and the thyroid hormone"s. Noticing that coffee drinking is
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associated with a low incidence of Parkinson"s disease could focus attention
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on the ways that thyroid and carbon dioxide and serotonin, estrogen, mast
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cells, histamine and blood clotting interact to produce nerve cell death.
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<span lang="en">
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When platelets clump, they release various factors that contribute to the
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|
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|
development of a clot. Serotonin is one of these, and is released by other
|
|
|
|
|
kinds of cell, including mast cells and basophils and nerve cells. Serotonin
|
|
|
|
|
produces vascular spasms and increased blood pressure, blood vessel leakiness
|
|
|
|
|
and inflammation, and the release of many other stress mediators. Caffeine,
|
|
|
|
|
besides inhibiting the platelet aggregation, also tends to inhibit the release
|
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|
|
|
of serotonin, or to promote its uptake and binding.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Wenn Blutplättchen verklumpen, schütten sie mehrere Faktoren aus, die zur Entwicklung einer Gerinnung beitragen.
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Serotonin ist einer dieser Faktoren, und es wird von anderen Zellenarten ausgeschüttet, wie zum Beispiel
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Mastzellen, Basophilen, und Nervenzellen. Serotonin sorgt für Gefäßkrämpfe und einen erhöhten Blutdruck,
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Durchlässigkeit und Entzündung der Blutgefäße, und die Ausschüttung vieler anderer Stress-vermittelnder
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Stoffe.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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Thinking about how caffeine can be beneficial across such a broad spectrum of
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problems can give us a perspective on the similarities of their underlying
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physiology and biochemistry, expanding the implications of stress, biological
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|
energy, and adaptability.
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|
|
<span lang="en">
|
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|
|
|
J. W. Davis, et al., 1996, found that high uric acid levels seem to protect
|
|
|
|
|
against the development of Parkinson"s disease. They ascribed this effect to
|
|
|
|
|
uric acid"s antioxidant function. Coffee drinking, which <em>lowers</em> uric
|
|
|
|
|
acid levels, nevertheless appeared to be much more strongly protective against
|
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|
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|
Parkinson"s disease than uric acid.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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J. W. Davis, et al., 1996, beobachteten, dass einen hohen Harnsäurespiegel offenbar vor der Entwicklung von
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Parkinson schützt. Sie schrieben diese Wirkung der antioxidativen Funktion von Harnsäure zu. Das Trinken von
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Kaffee, was den Harnsäurespiegel senkt, schien dennoch noch viel stärker vor Parkinson zu schützen als Harnsäure.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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The observation that coffee drinkers have a low incidence of suicide, for
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example, might be physiologically related to the large increase in suicide
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rate among people who use the newer antidepressants called "serotonin reuptake
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inhibitors." Serotonin excess causes several of the features of depression,
|
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|
|
|
such as learned helplessness and reduced metabolic rate, while coffee
|
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|
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|
stimulates the <em>uptake</em> (inactivation or storage) of serotonin,
|
|
|
|
|
increases metabolic energy, and tends to improve mood. In animal studies, it
|
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|
reverses the state of helplessness or despair, often more effectively than
|
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|
|
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so-called antidepressants.
|
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|
|
<span lang="en">
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|
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|
Possibly more important than coffee"s ability to protect the health is the way
|
|
|
|
|
it does it. The studies that have tried to gather evidence to show that coffee
|
|
|
|
|
is harmful, and found the opposite, have provided insight into several
|
|
|
|
|
diseases. For example, coffee"s effects on serotonin are very similar to
|
|
|
|
|
carbon dioxide"s, and the thyroid hormone"s. Noticing that coffee drinking is
|
|
|
|
|
associated with a low incidence of Parkinson"s disease could focus attention
|
|
|
|
|
on the ways that thyroid and carbon dioxide and serotonin, estrogen, mast
|
|
|
|
|
cells, histamine and blood clotting interact to produce nerve cell death.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Möglicherweise noch wichtiger als der gesundheitsschützende Effekt von Kaffee ist seine genaue Wirkungsweise.
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Studien, die Beweise dafür zu sammeln suchten, dass Kaffee schädlich ist, und das Gegenteil beobachteten,
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bieten ein besseres Verständnis für mehrere Krankheiten. Die Wirkung von Kaffee auf Serotonin, zum Beispiel,
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ähnelt stark der von Kohlenstoffdioxid und den Schilddrüsenhormone. Die Beobachtung, dass das Trinken von Kaffee
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mit einer geringen Parkinsoninzidenz einhergeht, könnte die Aufmerksamkeit darauf lenken, wie die
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Schilddrüsenhormone und Kohlenstoffdioxid mit Serotonin, Östrogen, Mastzellen, Histamin, und Blutgerinnung
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bei der Entwicklung von Nervenzelltod interagieren.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span lang="en">
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Thinking about how caffeine can be beneficial across such a broad spectrum of
|
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|
|
|
problems can give us a perspective on the similarities of their underlying
|
|
|
|
|
physiology and biochemistry, expanding the implications of stress, biological
|
|
|
|
|
energy, and adaptability.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Wenn wir darüber nachdenken, wie Koffein bei einem breiten Spektrum von Problemen positiv wirksam sein kann,
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können wir eine Perspektive für die ihnen zugrundeliegende Physiologie und Biochemie erhalten, was die
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Implikationen für Stress biologische Energie, und unsere Anpassungsfähigkeit erweitert.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span lang="en">
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The observation that coffee drinkers have a low incidence of suicide, for
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example, might be physiologically related to the large increase in suicide
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|
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rate among people who use the newer antidepressants called "serotonin reuptake
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inhibitors." Serotonin excess causes several of the features of depression,
|
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|
|
|
such as learned helplessness and reduced metabolic rate, while coffee
|
|
|
|
|
stimulates the <em>uptake</em> (inactivation or storage) of serotonin,
|
|
|
|
|
increases metabolic energy, and tends to improve mood. In animal studies, it
|
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|
|
|
reverses the state of helplessness or despair, often more effectively than
|
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|
|
|
so-called antidepressants.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Die Beobachtung, dass Kaffeetrinker eine geringe Suizidrate haben, zum Beispiel, könnte physiologisch damit
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zusammenhängen, dass die Suizidrate unter Personen höher ist, die die neuen Antidepressiva verwenden, die
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"Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmehemmer". Serotoninüberschuss verursacht viele Depressionsmerkmale, wie zum Beispiel
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erlernte Hilfslosigkeit und eine niedrigere Stoffwechselrate, während Kaffee die <em>Aufnahme</em>
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(Deaktivierung oder Speicherung) von Serotonin stimuliert, Stoffwechselenergie erhöht, und die Stimmung
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gewöhnlicherweise verbessert. In Tierversuchen sorgt es für die Umkehrung des Hilfslosigkeitszustands oder der
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Verzweiflung, oft noch effektiver als die sogenannten Antidepressiva.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span lang="en">
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The research on caffeine"s effects on blood pressure, and on the use of fuel
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by the more actively metabolizing cells, hasn"t clarified its effects on
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respiration and nutrition, but some of these experiments confirm things that
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coffee drinkers usually learn for themselves.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Die Forschung zu den Wirkungen von Koffein auf Blutdruck, sowie auf den Gebrauch von Brennstoffen von den
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aktiver verstoffwechselnden Zellen, bietet noch keine Aufklärung zu den Wirkungen auf Veratmung und Ernährung,
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aber einige dieser Experimente bestätigen einiges, das Kaffeetrinker am eigenen Leibe erfahren.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span lang="en">
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Often, a woman who thinks that she has symptoms of hypoglycemia says that
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drinking even the smallest amount of coffee makes her anxious and shaky.
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Sometimes, I have suggested that they try drinking about two ounces of coffee
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with cream or milk along with a meal. It"s common for them to find that this
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reduces their symptoms of hypoglycemia, and allows them to be symptom-free
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between meals. Although we don"t know exactly why caffeine improves an
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athlete"s endurance, I think the same processes are involved when coffee
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increases a person"s "endurance" in ordinary activities.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Oft sagen Frauen, die unter Symptomen von Unterzuckerung zu leiden glauben, dass das Trinken von selbst der
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kleinsten Menge Kaffee bei ihnen für Unruhe und Zittern sorgt. Manchmal habe ich geraten, dass sie versuchen
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sollen, ungefähr zwei Unzen [~60ml] Kaffee zusammen mit Sahne oder Milch bei einer Mahlzeit zu trinken. Häufig
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stellen sie fest, dass zu einer Reduzierung ihrer Unterzuckerungssymptome führt, und ermöglicht es ihnen,
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zwischen Mahlzeiten symptomfrei zu bleiben. Obwohl wir nicht genau wissen, warum Koffein die Ausdauer von
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Leistungssportlern verbessert, denke ich, dass die gleichen Vorgänge am Werk sind, wenn Kaffee die "Ausdauer"
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eine Person bei normalen Aktivitäten erhöht.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span lang="en">
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Caffeine has remarkable parallels to thyroid and progesterone, and the use of
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coffee or tea can help to maintain their production, or compensate for their
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deficiency. Women spontaneously drink more coffee premenstrually, and since
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caffeine is known to increase the concentration of progesterone in the blood
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and in the brain, this is obviously a spontaneous and rational form of
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self-medication, though medical editors like to see things causally reversed,
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and blame the coffee drinking for the symptoms it is actually alleviating.
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Some women have noticed that the effect of a progesterone supplement is
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stronger when they take it with coffee. This is similar to the synergy between
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thyroid and progesterone, which is probably involved, since caffeine tends to
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<em>locally</em> activate thyroid secretion by a variety of mechanisms,
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increasing cyclic AMP and decreasing serotonin in thyroid cells, for example,
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and also by lowering the systemic stress mediators.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Koffein teilt bemerkenswerte Parallele mit den Schilddrüsenhormonen und Progesteron, und der Konsum von Kaffee
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oder Tee kann dabei helfen, deren Produktion aufrechtzuerhalten, oder deren Mangel kompensieren. Frauen trinken
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prämenstruell spontan mehr Kaffee und, da Koffein bekanntermaßen die Konzentration von Progesteron im Gehirn
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erhöht, ist das offensichtlich eine spontane und rationale Form der Selbstmedikation; jedoch sehen medizinische
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Redakteure die Kausalität gerne umgekehrt, und geben dem Kaffeekonsum die Schuld an eben den Symptomen, die dieser
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tatsächlich lindert.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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The research on caffeine"s effects on blood pressure, and on the use of fuel
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by the more actively metabolizing cells, hasn"t clarified its effects on
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respiration and nutrition, but some of these experiments confirm things that
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coffee drinkers usually learn for themselves.
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<span lang="en">
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Medical editors like to publish articles that reinforce important prejudices,
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even if, scientifically, they are trash. The momentum of a bad idea can
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probably be measured by the tons of glossy paper that have gone into its
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development. Just for the sake of the environment, it would be nice if editors
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would try to think in terms of evidence and biological mechanisms, rather than
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stereotypes.
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</span>
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<span lang="de">
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Medizinische Redakteure veröffentlichen gerne Artikel, die wichtige Vorurteile stärken, selbst wenn sie
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wissenschaftlicher Müll sind. Das Momentum einer schlechten Idee kann wahrscheinlich daran gemessen werden, wie
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viele Tonnen Hochglanzpapier in ihre Entwicklung geflossen sind. Nur der Umwelt zuliebe wäre es schön,
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wenn die Redakteure im Sinne von Beweisen und biologischen Mechanismen anstatt Stereotypen denken würden.
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</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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Often, a woman who thinks that she has symptoms of hypoglycemia says that
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drinking even the smallest amount of coffee makes her anxious and shaky.
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Sometimes, I have suggested that they try drinking about two ounces of coffee
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with cream or milk along with a meal. It"s common for them to find that this
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reduces their symptoms of hypoglycemia, and allows them to be symptom-free
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between meals. Although we don"t know exactly why caffeine improves an
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athlete"s endurance, I think the same processes are involved when coffee
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increases a person"s "endurance" in ordinary activities.
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</p>
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<p>
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Caffeine has remarkable parallels to thyroid and progesterone, and the use of
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coffee or tea can help to maintain their production, or compensate for their
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deficiency. Women spontaneously drink more coffee premenstrually, and since
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caffeine is known to increase the concentration of progesterone in the blood
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and in the brain, this is obviously a spontaneous and rational form of
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self-medication, though medical editors like to see things causally reversed,
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and blame the coffee drinking for the symptoms it is actually alleviating.
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Some women have noticed that the effect of a progesterone supplement is
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stronger when they take it with coffee. This is similar to the synergy between
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thyroid and progesterone, which is probably involved, since caffeine tends to
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<em>locally</em> activate thyroid secretion by a variety of mechanisms,
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increasing cyclic AMP and decreasing serotonin in thyroid cells, for example,
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and also by lowering the systemic stress mediators.
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</p>
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<p>
|
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|
|
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Medical editors like to publish articles that reinforce important prejudices,
|
|
|
|
|
even if, scientifically, they are trash. The momentum of a bad idea can
|
|
|
|
|
probably be measured by the tons of glossy paper that have gone into its
|
|
|
|
|
development. Just for the sake of the environment, it would be nice if editors
|
|
|
|
|
would try to think in terms of evidence and biological mechanisms, rather than
|
|
|
|
|
stereotypes.
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
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|
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|
<p class="notranslate">
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<p data-notranslate>
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<a href="https://raypeat.com/articles/articles/hypothyroidism.shtml">Originalartikel und Quellenverzeichnis</a>
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</p>
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Daniel Ledda